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Last Updated: 15 December 2009

Nutrition for LIFE:
Preventing and Reversing Disease
With useful information on cholesterol and heart disease.


This page presents an overview of a nutrition-based approach to optimal health, disease prevention and disease reversal. We examine a scientifically valid, clinically proven dietary program developed by Joel Fuhrman MD, a board–certified family physician who specializes in preventing and reversing disease through nutritional and natural methods. His program is based on the concept of nutrient density and focused on the physiological benefits of thousands of phytochemicals found in green plants. This approach has proven effective in the treatment of obesity, elevated LDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, atherosclerotic heart disease, diabetes, asthma, allergies, headaches, migraines, and more.

Second, we look at cholesterol and triglyceride numbers relative to the current US guidelines, reviewing what your numbers mean in common units (milligrams per deciliter of blood: mg/dL), and in the metric, internationally adopted SI system (millimoles per liter: mmol/L) used in Canada and most other countries.

Third, we examine a clinically demonstrated all-natural cholesterol-lowering supplement that contains plant sterol and stanol esters, policosanol derived from sugar cane, red yeast, guggul, selenomethionine, and inositol hexanicotinate; each of these cholesterol-lowering ingredients is reviewed in depth, and a list of references is provided for each at the bottom of the page.

We begin with Fuhrman's work, which is well-researched, shows results in a very short period of time, and is of proven benefit even in very difficult cases. We have found no nutrition-based program we can or want to follow verbatim, but Fuhrman's research dispels a host of dietary myths and the concepts and principles he presents make a great deal of sense. We can confirm from personal experience that Fuhrman is quite correct: As you experience the effects of a nutrient-dense diet, you simply don't want the low-nutrient foods you previously craved or consumed as a matter of habit.

Lose Weight Naturally Lower Cholesterol

Eat To Live

The key concept in Fuhrman's approach is nutrient density. Consider the following excerpt from his seminal work, Eat To Live.

Health = Nutrient/Calories

Your health is predicted by your nutrient intake divided by your intake of calories.

H = N/C is a concept I call the nutrient density of your diet. Food supplies us with both nutrients and calories (energy). All calories come from only three elements: carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Nutrients are derived from noncaloric food factors — including vitamins, minerals, fibers, and phytochemicals. These noncaloric nutrients are vitally important for health. Your key to permanent weight loss is to eat predominantly those foods that have a high proportion of nutrients (noncaloric food factors) to calories (carbohydrates, fats, and proteins). In physics a key formula is Einstein's E = mc2. In nutrition, the key formula is H = N/C.

Every food can be evaluated using this formula. Once you begin to learn which foods make the grade — by having a high proportion of nutrients to calories — you are on your way to lifelong weight control and improved health. [...]

Eating large quantities of high-nutrient foods is the secret to optimal health and permanent weight control. In fact, eating much larger portions of food is one of the beauties of the Eat To Live diet. You eat more, which effectively blunts your appetite, and you lose weight — permanently.

The Eat To Live diet does not require any deprivation. In fact, you do not have to give up any foods completely. However, as you consume larger and larger portions of health-supporting, high-nutrient foods, your appetite for low nutrient foods decreases and you gradually lose your addiction to them. (p.7)

Much has been written about nutrient density, and researchers apply the concept in various ways. Fuhrman's application reveals that most people eat a diet in the low-nutrient range, less than 100 in the table at left, below. In the five-minute video segment below, part of a 90-minute presentation at the 2006 Healthy Lifestyle Expo, Fuhrman discusses diets that don't work, and describes the concept of nutrient density as the key to healthy eating. Here, nutrient density is calculated using an RDA/calories formula described at about the 4-minute mark; one of the illustrations in the segment is adapted in the table, below left. This video has been on YouTube since 8 November 2006, and has been viewed more than 4 million times. It's well worth your time to watch.



See Nutrient Density of Green Vegetables, comparing the nutrients present in 100-calorie portions of broccoli, sirloin steak, romaine lettuce, and kale.

In Eat To Live (pp.120-121), we find a somewhat different list (adapted below). Fuhrman refers to what he terms the "one pound-one pound" rule: try to eat at least one pound of raw green vegetable a day and one pound of cooked, steamed or frozen green vegetables a day as well. While that may seem an ambitious goal, Fuhrman adds that "the high volume of greens will not only be your secret to a thin waistline but will simultaneously protect you against life-threatening illnesses".

Note that these tables suggest the essence of Fuhrman's nutritional program, but they do not define it. We present them merely to illustrate the idea that the dietary constructs to which most of us have subscribed for years are, in fact, upside-down. When you look at these lists, where do you find the foods you customarily consume — at the top or the bottom of the nutrient density ladder?

The Nutrient Density Line

The nutrient-density scores below are based on
identified phytochemicals, antioxidant activity, and
total vitamin and mineral content. Eat To Live (2005:121-22)
100 Solid green vegetables (raw, steamed, or frozen)
artichokes, asparagus, bok choy, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, celery, cucumber, kohlrabi, okra, peas, peppers, snow peas, string beans, zucchini
97 Non-green, non-starchy vegetables
beets, eggplants, mushrooms, onions, tomatoes, yellow and red peppers, bamboo shoots, water chestnuts, cauliflower
50 Beans/legumes (cooked, canned, or sprouted)
red kidney beans, chickpeas, pinto beans, cowpeas, navy beans, cannellini beans, soybeans, lentils, white beans, lima beans, pigeon peas, black-eyed peas, black beans
48 Fresh fruits
apples, apricots, bananas, blackberries, blueberries, cantaloupes, grapefruits, grapes, kiwis, mangoes, nectarines, all melons, oranges, peaches, pears, persimmons, pineapples, plums, raspberries, strawberries, tangerines, watermelons
45 Starchy vegetables
white potatoes, sweet potatoes, butternut squash, acorn squash, winter squash, parsnips, pumpkins, turnips, corn, carrots, chestnuts
35 Whole grains
barley, buckwheat, millet, oats, brown rice, wild rice, quinoa
22 Raw nuts and seeds
almonds, cashews, filberts, macadamias, pecans, pine nuts, pistachios, pumpkin seeds, sunflower seeds
20 Fish
15 Fat-free dairy
11 Wild meats and fowl
11 Eggs
8 Red meat
4 Full-fat dairy
3 Cheese
2 Refined grains (white flour)
1 Refined oils
0 Refined sweets

Eat To Live provides excellent analysis of current research and disabuses the reader of many nutritional myths. We have come to think of meat, fish, eggs, dairy as the centerpiece of any meal, chiefly because they comprise the protein. But how much protein do we really need, and are those foods the only real sources of it? In addressing these questions, Fuhrman tells us that

Over the years the amount of protein recommended by authorities has bounded up and down like a yo-yo. It wasn't until nitrogen-balance studies became available that we could actually measure protein requirements.

Today the recommended daily allowance (RDA) is 0.8 gm/kg body weight, or about 44 grams for a 120-pound woman and 55 grams for a 150-pound male. This is a recommended amount, not a minimum requirement. The assumption is that about .5 mg/kg is needed, and then a large safety factor was built into the RDA to almost double the minimum requirement determined by nitrogen balance studies...

Health authorities such as the World Health Organization recommend only 5 percent of calories from protein. In fact, as little as 2.5 percent of calories from protein may be all that is necessary for normal people. Regardless of the many opinions on adequate or optimal protein intake, most plant foods, except fruit, supply at least 10 percent of calories from protein, with green vegetable averaging about 50 percent. The high-nutrient diets that are plant food predominant, like I recommend, supply approximately 40-70 grams of protein daily in the range of 1,200 to 1,800 calories per day. That is plenty of protein... (pp.138-39)

Protein Content of Common Foods
In Increasing Order of Protein Per Calorie

Eat To Live (2005:138)

  PROTEIN
(GRAMS)
CALORIES PROTEIN
PER CALORIE
PERCENT
PROTEIN
One banana 1.2 105 0.01 5
One cup of cooked brown rice 4.8 220 0.02 9
One corn on the cob 4.2 150 0.03 11
One baked potato 3.9 120 0.03 13
One cup of regular pasta 7.3 216 0.03 14
One 6-oz. fruit yogurt 7.0 190 0.04 15
Two slices of whole wheat bread 4.8 120 0.04 16
One Burger King cheeseburger 18.0 350 0.05 21
Meatloaf with gravy (Campbell's) 14.0 230 0.06 24
One cup of frozen peas 9.0 120 0.08 30
One cup of lentils (cooked) 16.0 175 0.09 36
One cup of tofu 18.0 165 0.11 44
One cup of frozen broccoli 5.8 52 0.11 45
One cup of cooked spinach 5.4 42 0.13 51
Note that green vegetables have the most protein per calorie of all the above.

We've only scratched the surface in describing the contents of this nutritional approach to optimal health. One of the greatest benefits to be gained from such a dietary shift involves the increased amount of phytochemicals (phtyo- = plant) nutrients you'll be consuming. Newly discovered substances in plant foods have been shown to have anti-cancer properties and are otherwise tremendously beneficial for human physiology. Consumption of a sufficient amount of these nutrients, eating a variety of raw and conservatively cooked plant foods, enables us to gain the benefits of thousands of phytochemicals that are essential to health. Supplements can prove useful, and certain types of supplements are recommended, but they certainly cannot make a bad diet into a healthy one. The key to reversing and preventing conditions such as atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetes, heart disease, osteoporosis, and more, involves the consumption of sufficient amounts of phytochemicals and other essential nutrients from a diet that contains a low percentage of calories derived from whole natural foods.

Eat For Health

Fuhrman recently published Eat For Health, an expanded, less academic, 2-volume presentation of his program. Eat For Health is also available in a complete support pack, including videos and a free copy of Eat To Live.

He discusses why low nutrient foods — that most Americans consume — lead to a higher desire for more calories and ultimate obesity.

He provides simple steps to overcome food addiction so you can lose weight and keep it off without diets, gimmicks, drugs or gastric bypass.

He presents inspiring success stories of real people who have rid themselves of food addiction and lost hundreds of pounds.

He delivers meal plans with hundreds of great–tasting high nutrient recipes that you can customize to meet your own personal objectives.

And he details how people get well from inflammatory conditions, get rid of their pain, and reverse diabetes, high blood pressure and high cholesterol with his high-nutrient eating style — not drugs.

In Book 1 — The Mind Makeover, Dr. Fuhrman will teach how you should fuel your body everyday in order to eliminate hunger, food cravings, headaches, and the jitters that fuel overeating behavior. Without this knowledge all diets fail. This program actually repairs all the emotional interference created by your mind that has sabotaged your ability to achieve good health and your ideal weight. The program trains you to prefer eating healthfully and you will never want to go back. To make it easy, Dr. Fuhrman has scored thousands of foods on their ability to "rev–up" your fat burning biochemistry.

In Book 2 — The Body Makeover, Dr. Fuhrman will take you through the four easy steps to achieving "nutritional excellence" in your life. Where Book 1 is for understanding the principles and the science, Book 2 is for the kitchen and putting the principles into action! In this book, you will be introduced to hundreds of recipes and eating ideas that will make Eating For Health simply delicious. These secrets will enable you to change your taste buds in as little as 14 days, conquer temptation, learn how to Eat For Health and enjoy it, and even fit it into your busy life.

Cholesterol Protection for Life

Cholesterol Protection for Life

Cholesterol Protection For Life explains Furhman's nutritional approach to heart disease and lowering cholesterol. The dietary program he recommends has been intensively studied in the scientific literature and has been found to lower cholesterol more powerfully than statin drugs. A study was published in the April 2001 issue of the medical journal, Metabolism, documenting the results. Fuhrman's dietary program was shown to lower cholesterol an average of 33 percent.

This book describes the safest and most potent natural cholesterol-lowering agents that can be used in conjunction with his dietary approach to assure that dramatic lowering of cholesterol can be achieved without the risks associated with taking drugs. You will learn which supplements have risks, which don't, and which ones really work.

Cholesterol Protection For Life gives you menu plans and recipes that make healthy eating a real pleasure.

The book describes the most effective way to get better and reverse your condition if you have heart disease, and, if you don't have heart disease, this book provides information that will help you ensure that you never do. This program will enable you to slowly reduce your heart medication, lower your blood pressure, stop your angina symptoms, and become well again. You can avoid bypass surgery and angioplasty. You can avoid medical intervention and be in control of your health. With this program, you can save your life. Learn More

Cholesterol Protection for Life (2006:160pp), by Joel Fuhrman MD
Special Offer (Good through June 15th, 2009):
Buy one and get a second at 1/2 price,
or buy one and get $10 off LDL Protect (available at check out)
$23.95 $14.95 USD




Fooducate - Eat a bit better


Dr. Fuhrman’s
LDL Protect
Dr. Fuhrman's LDL Protect
Features:
  • 100% natural, food–derived ingredients
  • Combines powerful, cholesterol lowering and cardio–protective compounds
  • Proven to lower LDL cholesterol
  • Safe and effective in clinical trials

Benefits:
  • No side effects or adverse reactions
  • No known contraindications
  • Contains polyphenols with dramatic benefits to the heart and blood vessels
  • Reduces atherosclerosis and blood pressure
  • Protects against diseases of aging, like dementia and strokes

This unique product was designed by Joel Fuhrman MD, specifically to meet the needs of his patients who desire effective cholesterol lowering, without toxic drugs and their well–known risks and side effects.

For those who still have LDL cholesterol above 100 mg/dl after dietary intervention, Dr. Fuhrman designed this mixture of high quality, cholesterol–lowering and cardiac protective compounds — plant sterols and pomegranate. No other product on the market offers this combination of ingredients. LDL Protect is an all natural, high quality formula that is effective and safe.

Plant sterols have long been recognized, and are FDA approved, for their capacity to reduce LDL cholesterol. Pomegranates' potent antioxidative compounds have been shown in medical studies to reverse atherosclerosis, lower cholesterol and blood pressure. All pomegranate extracts are not equal. Some cheaper grades are not certified to contain high levels of active polyphenols; we utilize the best.

About Plant Sterols

The benefits of cholesterol–lowering plant sterols are well established in the scientific literature. Plant sterols (also known as phytosterols) are found naturally in a range of plant sources such as vegetable oils, nuts, grains, and seeds. Plant sterols are almost identical in structure to human cholesterol and are processed by the body in the same way. They compete with cholesterol to get absorbed and transported into the body. They function as cholesterol lowering agents in blood by blocking the absorption of cholesterol from food during digestion and also by blocking the re–absorption of cholesterol manufactured by the liver. In addition to their cholesterol lowering properties, plant sterols possess anti–cancer, anti–inflammatory, anti–atherogenicity, and anti–oxidative activities.

About Pomegranates

Pomegranate juice is a rich source of phytochemical compounds shown to benefit the heart and blood vessels. It not only lowers cholesterol, but lowers blood pressure and increases the speed at which heart blockages (atherosclerosis) melt away.

Recent medical research completed in 2004 studied heart patients with severe carotid artery blockages. They were given an ounce of pomegranate juice for a year, and not only did their blood pressure lower by over 20 percent, but there was a 30 percent reduction in atherosclerotic plaque.

Pomegranate's potent antioxidative compounds have also been shown to reduce platelet aggregation and naturally lower blood pressure, factors that prevent both heart attacks and strokes. Pomegranates contain high levels of flavonoids and polyphenols, potent antioxidants offering protection against heart disease and cancer.

The pomegranate extract used in LDL Protect contains the full array of polyphenols present in the fruit’s seeds, husk and juice and is particularly rich in punicalagins. Punicalagins are the major component responsible for pomegranate’s antioxidant and health benefits. LDL Protect delivers the potent synergistic effects that have been observed in natural spectrum extracts of pomegranate.

In the dosage recommended in LDL Protect, there are no known contraindications to the use of this supplement. No adverse reactions have been reported in the scientific literature.

Suggested use:

2 tablets daily deliver the lowest recommended dose. Dosage may be increased to 4 tablets if needed (2 twice daily) to increase cholesterol lowering.

Your Cholesterol and Triglycerides — What do the numbers mean?

Total Cholesterol
< 200 mg/dL
(< 5.2 mmol/L)
Desirable
200-239 mg/dL
(5.2 - 6.2 mmol/L)
Borderline high
≥ 240 mg/dL
(≥ 6.2 mmol/L)
High
LDL Cholesterol Level
< 70 mg/dL
(< 1.8 mmol/L)
Optimal for those at very high risk of heart disease
< 100 mg/dL
(< 2.6 mmol/L)
Optimal for those at risk of heart disease
100-129 mg/dL
(2.6 - 3.3 mmol/L)
Near optimal
130-159 mg/dL
(3.4 - 4.1 mmol/L)
Borderline high
160-189 mg/dL
(4.1 - 4.9 mmol/L)
High
≥ 190 mg/dL
(> 4.9 mmol/L)
Very high
HDL Cholesterol
≥ 60 mg/dL (> 1.5 mmol/L)Best
50-59 mg/dL (1.3 - 1.5 mmol/L)Better
Men: < 40 mg/dL (< 1 mmol/L)
Women: < 50 mg/dL (< 1.3 mmol/L)
Poor
Measuring the Levels

In the United States, customary units are used to measure cholesterol levels (including serum cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and other serum lipids) in milligrams per deciliter of blood (mg/dL). Cholesterol is reported in millimoles per liter of blood (mmol/L) in Canada, in Europe, and in most other countries using The International System of Units (SI) [Le Système International d'Unités], which is the metric standard. Figures in brackets above and at right show mmol/L equivalents for the US guidelines.
Triglycerides
< 150 mg/dl
(< 1.7 mmol/L)
Desirable
150-199 mg/dl
(1.7 - 2.2 mmol/L)
Borderline high
200-499 mg/dl
(2.3 - 5.6 mmol/L)
High
≥ 500 mg/dl
(> 5.6 mmol/L)
Very high
VLDL cholesterol (very-low-density lipoprotein) is usually estimated as a percentage of the triglyceride value.
The conversion factors are as follows:
  • Cholesterol —
    To convert mg/dL to mmol/L, multiply mg/dL by 0.02586 (0.0259)
    To convert mmol/L to mg/dL, divide mmol/L by 0.02586 (0.0259)
  • Triglycerides —
    To convert mg/dL to mmol/L, multiply mg/dL by 0.01129 (0.0113)
    To convert mmol/L to mg/dL, divide mmol/L by 0.01129 (0.0113)

New Health Corp — LipidShield™ & Heart Savior™

Lipid Shield
You've heard about
HDL :: LDL ratios, the
need to increase high density lipoproteins (HDLs) and reduce low density lipoproteins (LDLs), but the method for attempting this typically involves taking prescription drugs. That doesn't work for everyone, because these drugs have many potential side effects.

LipidShield™ is a proprietary blend of well known natural ingredients that reduce cholesterol and promote overall heart health. Developed after years of clinical research, LipidShield™ is a revolutionary product — a unique combination of these ingredients (described in detail, below), resulting in an excellent, natural, non-prescription alternative to help you maintain healthy cholesterol levels.

R. Carlson, MD, FACS During the past 13 years as a cardiac surgeon, I've treated thousands of patients, but I'm often hesitant to prescribe the common pharmaceutical drugs because of their potential negative side effects. LipidShield Plus offers an all-natural, clinically-proven alternative that achieves great results quickly without side effects.

R. Carlson, MD, FACS
Nationally Renowned, Board-Certified Cardiothoracic Surgeon

LipidShield™

  • Breakthrough Natural Formula
  • Doctor recommended
  • Clinically proven
  • No Harmful Side Effects
  • Available Withough A Prescription
  • For Good HDL, Bad LDL and Triglycerides
  • Money back guarantee
Get LipidShield™

Warning:
Not intended for anyone under the age of 18. Do not use if you are pregnant, nursing, using statin drugs, or other cholesterol lowering medications. Consult a physician before use if you are taking any prescription medication or being treated for a pre-existing medical condition.


The ingredients used in LipidShield™ are always of the purest form available on the market today.
There are many versions of theses ingredients available, but LipidShield™ only includes the precise forms used in the clinical trials performed on these ingredients and at the levels necessary to get the published results.

Plant Sterols and Plant Stanols

Plant sterols and stanols represent a group of compounds that are an essential constituent of cell membranes in animals and plants. Cholesterol is actually a sterol of human cells, whereas phytosterols are produced by plants. The most common plant sterols are sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol. Plant sterols, although structurally similar to cholesterol, are not synthesized by the human body and are very poorly absorbed. The specific plant sterols that are currently incorporated into foods and supplements are extracted from soybean oil. The plant sterols, currently incorporated into foods, are esterified to unsaturated fatty acids (creating sterol esters) to increase lipid solubility, thus allowing maximal incorporation into a limited amount of fat. Some plant sterols currently available are saturated, to form the stanol derivatives, which are also effective at lowering cholesterol.

The plant sterols and stanols in LipidShield™ have been extensively studied clinically and have proven not only to lower cholesterol but protect the heart as well. These plant chemicals are similar in structure to cholesterol. They have a slight chemical structure difference, which means that, in comparison to cholesterol, plant sterols and stanols are not absorbed, or are minimally absorbed. Plant sterols and stanols simply reduce cholesterol absorption by competing with cholesterol. When less dietary cholesterol is absorbed, less cholesterol is returned to the liver and through this process LDL is also decreased.

By lowering total and LDL cholesterol levels, plant sterols and stanols may also reduce your risk of heart disease. Studies have shown that taking plant sterols daily can lower cholesterol measurements by an average of 10% to 14%. The National Cholesterol Education Panel has suggested taking plant stanols and sterols along with a proper low fat diet and regular exercise program to help maintain normal cholesterol levels.
References — Plant Sterols and Plant Stanols

Policosanol

Policosanol belongs to a family of wax-like phytochemicals prevalent throughout nature. This substance is used in the dietary supplement industry sourced from several foods that include: sugar cane, rice bran, beeswax, broccoli, spinach, alfalfa and oats.

Sugar cane derived policosanol is a new face on the cholesterol scene in the United States but is a popular hypocholesterolemic in other countries. The main policosanol form in sugar cane is octacosanol, a long-chain fatty alcohol found in the waxy film that covers the leaves and fruit of the plants that contain it.

Policosanol is a hypocholesterolemic compound that protects LDL cholesterol against oxidation, inhibits thromboxane, discourages blood clot formation when inhibits platelet aggregation, and increases exercise tolerance. Policosanol, at clinically evaluated dosages, has shown cholesterol-lowering properties comparable to low to medium dosage levels of the statins. According to several studies, policosanol has also shown antiplatelet effects, it prevents lipoprotein peroxidation, and beneficially affects atherosclerosis development. It has good tolerability and a low rate of clinical and laboratory adverse effects.

Policosanol is an effective alternative to lowering cholesterol for many people. In a study, 20 mg a day (over a 6- to 12-week period) resulted in the following lipid improvements: LDL cholesterol reduced about 28%, total cholesterol about 20%, and HDL increased by 7-10%. Triglycerides were unaffected. During the course of the trial, participants continued on a low cholesterol diet. In other studies policosanol was shown to lower triglycerides as well as lowering total and LDL cholesterol and raising HDL cholesterol.

The diversity of beneficial effects from policosanol represents an effective alternative of natural source to lowering cholesterol for those seeking and in need of lipid-lowering resources who are reluctant to use chemically derived drugs and would prefer a natural alternative.
References — Policosanol

Cholesterol:
What Your Level Means

Source:
http://familydoctor.org/029.xml
American Academy of Family Physicians (1996; 06.2005)
Image: Adapted.

What is cholesterol?
Most of the cholesterol in your body is made by your liver from saturated fat in your diet. Some cholesterol also comes from foods such as eggs, meats and dairy products.

Why is a high cholesterol level unhealthy?
While some cholesterol is needed for good health, too much cholesterol in your blood can raise your risk of having a heart attack or stroke.

The extra cholesterol in your blood may be stored in your arteries (blood vessels) and cause them to narrow. (This is called atherosclerosis.) Large deposits of cholesterol can completely block an artery, so the blood can't flow through.

If an artery that supplies blood to your heart becomes blocked, a heart attack can occur. If an artery that supplies blood to your brain becomes blocked, a stroke can occur.

When should I start having my cholesterol level checked?
Men aged 35 and older and women aged 45 and older should have their cholesterol checked periodically. Depending on what your cholesterol level is and what other risk factors for heart disease you have (see the box below), you may need to have it checked more often.

Risk factors for heart disease
  • Having already had a heart attack
  • Being a man 45 years of age or older
  • Having a father or brother who had heart disease before he was 55
  • Being a woman who is going through menopause or has completed menopause
  • Having a mother or sister who had heart disease before she was 65
  • Smoking cigarettes
  • Having high blood pressure or diabetes
  • Being very overweight
  • Being inactive

[Read more]

See also:
Cholesterol News: Managing Your Cholesterol
American Heart Association

Guggul

This natural ingredient is derived from the mixture of plant chemicals (ketonic steroids) from the gum resin of commiphora mukul, called guggulipid, and is an approved treatment of hyperlipidemia in India. It has been a mainstay of traditional Indian herbal medicine (Ayurveda) approaches in preventing high cholesterol and atherosclerosis. Clinical studies indicate it to be effective in the treatment of elevated cholesterol, elevated triglyceride levels and elevated LDL (bad cholesterol) levels. Studies have also shown that LDL oxidation, which is the main cause of plaque build in the arteries, can be prevented or at least decreased by the antioxidant activity of Guggul. Clinical studies on Guggul indicate that its hypolipidemic activity (decreasing cholesterol and other lipids) can be attributed to more than one mechanism. Three of the possible mechanisms include inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis, enhancing the rate of excretion of cholesterol and promoting rapid degradation of cholesterol. Guggul is typically manufactured in a standardized form that provides a fixed amount of guggulipid, the presumed active ingredients in Guggul. Guggul helps reduce high cholesterol, because it lowers harmful LDL (low-density lipoproteins) while elevating the beneficial HDL (high-density lipoproteins). Guggul also has anti-inflammatory activity and reduces the levels of C-reactive protein. It helps prevent blood platelet aggregation and breaks up blood clots. Thus Guggul can be used not only to lower bad cholesterol but can be used as a preventative against heart disease and stroke.
References — Guggul

Red Yeast Rice

Red Yeast Rice has been used in China for centuries as both a food and as a medicinal substance. It is made by fermenting a type of yeast called Monascus purpureus over red rice. In Chinese medicine, red yeast rice is used to promote blood circulation, soothe upset stomach, and invigorate the function of the spleen, a body organ that destroys old blood cells and filters foreign substances. In addition, this dietary supplement has been used traditionally for bruised muscles, hangovers, indigestion, and colic in infants.

In a study conducted at UCLA School of Medicine, by David Heber, 83 people with high cholesterol levels received red yeast rice over a 12-week period. The study concluded that red yeast rice significantly reduces total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and total triacylglycerol concentrations when compared to those who received placebo.

In a study involving 187 patients with elevated cholesterol were treated with red yeast rice daily for eight weeks. At the end of this eight-week trial, total cholesterol decreased by 16%, LDL by 21%, triglycerides by 24%. HDL cholesterol also increased by 14%.

In another 8-week trial involving a 324 people with high cholesterol levels, those who received red yeast rice experienced a significant drop in cholesterol levels compared to those who received placebo. Total cholesterol fell by 22.7%, LDL by 31%, and triglycerides by 34% in the red yeast rice group. HDL cholesterol increased by 20% in the red yeast rice group as well.
References — Red Yeast Rice

Selenomethionine

Selenium—prevents ventricular tachycardia, is a hypolipidemic, and improves diabetic symptoms, congestive heart failure, and cardiomyopathy. "Cardiomyopathy" is defined as any disease that affects the structure and function of the heart. For example, the heart may become disabled as fibrous tissue partially replaces the heart muscle; the fibrous tissue degrades the heart's performance and the blood no longer moves efficiently. The World Health Organization recognizes cardiomyopathy as a selenium deficiency. In addition, French researchers showed that chronic heart failure (associated with oxidative stress) appears to be relieved by selenium supplementation.

Inositol Hexanicotinate

Flush-free niacin may lower cholesterol while boosting the beneficial HDL fraction. In a report on the antiatherogenic role of HDL (high density lipoprotein) cholesterol, flush-free niacin (inositol hexanicotinate) "appears to have the greatest potential to increase HDL cholesterol by 30%." This study was made over a 5-year period and focused on the effect of high LDL numbers exhibited before a patient's first coronary event(s).

As reported in a November 1998 American Journal of Cardiology research study, "Nicotinic acid (niacin) has been shown to decrease triglyceride, increase HDL cholesterol, lower LDL cholesterol, and decrease lipoprotein (a); it also decreases fibrinogen," an additional benefit that reduces the risk of related cardiovascular disease.


References

Plant Sterols and Plant Stanols
Policosanol
  1. Aleman CL, Mas R, Hernandez C, et al.
    A 12 months study of policosanol oral toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats.
    Toxicol Lett. 1994;70:77-87.
  2. Arruzazabala M.L., Molina V., Mas R., Fernández L.,
    Carbajal D., Valdés S., Castaño G.
    Antiplatelet effects of policosanol (20 and 40 mg/day) in healthy volunteers and dyslipidaemic patients.
    Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology.
    Volume 29, Number 10, October 2002, pp.891-897(0).
  3. Canetti MM, Moreira M, Mas R, et al.
    Effects of policosanol on primary hypercholesterolemia: a 3-year open extension follow-up.
    Curr Ther Res 1997;58:868-75.
  4. Castaño G.; Mas R.; Fernández L.; Illnait J.; Mesa M.; Alvarez E.; Lezcay M.
    Comparison of the Efficacy and Tolerability of Policosanol with Atorvastatin in Elderly Patients with Type II Hypercholesterolaemia.
    Drugs & Aging. Volume 20, Number 2, 2003, pp. 153-163(11).
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